Battle of Tangdao
1161 CE.
Shown on the map at 37.000°, 121.000°.
The Battle of Tangdao or Battle of Tang Island (Chinese: 唐島之戰) was a naval engagement that took place in 1161 between the Southern Song dynasty and the Jin dynasty on the Yellow Sea, off the coast of modern-day Qingdao. The conflict was part of the Jin–Song wars, and was fought near Tangdao Island. It was an attempt by the Jin dynasty to invade and conquer the Southern Song dynasty, yet resulted in failure and defeat for the Jin dynasty. The Jin dynasty navy was set on fire by huopao (a type of gunpowder weapon, possibly cannons) and fire arrows, suffering heavy losses. For this battle, the commander of the Song dynasty squadron, Li Bao, faced the opposing commander Zheng Jia, the admiral of the Jin dynasty. On the fate of Zheng Jia, the History of Jin states: Zheng Jia did not know the sea routes (among the islands) well, nor much about the management of ships, and he did not believe (that the enemy, the Song, was near). But all of a sudden they appeared, and finding us quite unready they hurled incendiary gunpowder projectiles on to our ships.
Text from the Wikipedia article Battle of Tangdao, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.