Battle of Cortenuova
1237 CE.
Shown on the map at 45.533°, 9.783°.
The Battle of Cortenuova (sometimes spelled Cortenova) was fought on 27 November 1237 between the army of Emperor Frederick II Hohenstaufen and the forces of the Second Lombard League, during the prolonged conflict conventionally associated with the Guelphs and Ghibellines Wars. It ended in a crushing imperial victory and the destruction of the League's field army. One of the largest and bloodiest pitched battles of thirteenth-century Italy, Cortenuova represented the greatest battlefield success of Frederick's reign and transformed the political balance of northern Italy. The battle came at the culmination of a decade of major Hohenstaufen successes. Frederick had achieved the diplomatic recovery of the city of Jerusalem during the Sixth Crusade, reversed papal incursions against his rule in southern Italy in the War of the Keys, consolidated his highly centralized rule in the Kingdom of Sicily, defeated the rebellion of his son Henry (VII), restored royal authority in Germany and reconciled the Welfs to Hohenstaufen power, acquired direct authority in Austria and secured the election of his son Conrad as king of the Romans.
Text from the Wikipedia article Battle of Cortenuova, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.