Battle of Breitenfeld
1631 CE.
Shown on the map at 51.400°, 12.333°.
The Battle of Breitenfeld, 17 September 1631, took place during the Thirty Years' War outside Breitenfeld, Leipzig, in modern Saxony. In one of the most significant battles of the war, a combined Swedish-Saxon force defeated an army made up of Imperial and Catholic League troops. Swedish intervention in the Thirty Years' War began in June 1630 when nearly 18,000 soldiers under Gustavus Adolphus landed in Pomerania. He made an alliance with John George I, Elector of Saxony, prompting an invasion of Saxony in early 1631 by Imperial troops led by Johann Tserclaes, Count of Tilly. The combined Swedish-Saxon force marched on Leipzig where Tilly was based. At the start of the battle, the Saxon troops were routed by Tilly's cavalry, which then combined with his infantry in an attempt to envelop the Swedish army. The Swedes regrouped and launched a series of counterattacks, forcing Tilly to retreat with substantial losses. Victory allowed the Swedes to launch a campaign into southern Germany.
Text from the Wikipedia article Battle of Breitenfeld (1631), licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.