The Hyderabad massacres were the mass killings and massacre of Hyderabadi Muslims that took place following the Indian annexation of Hyderabad (Operation Polo). The killings were perpetrated by local Hindu fanatics, often supported by the Indian Army soldiers. Wilfred Cantrell Smith, based on leaked contents of a confidential report by Pandit Sunderlal and Qazi Abdulghaffar commissioned by Nehru, estimated that between 50,000 and 200,000 Muslims were killed.
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