Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
1998 CE.
Shown on the map at 41.893°, 12.483°.
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court (ICC). It was adopted at a diplomatic conference in Rome, Italy on 17 July 1998 and entered into force on 1 July 2002. As of January 2025, 125 states are party to the statute. Among other things, it establishes court function, jurisdiction and structure. The Rome Statute established four core international crimes: genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and the crime of aggression. Those crimes "shall not be subject to any statute of limitations." Under the Rome Statute, the ICC can only investigate and prosecute the four core international crimes in situations where states are "unable" or "unwilling" to do so themselves. The provisions on the crime of aggression did not take effect until after it was defined at the 2010 Kampala Conference. The jurisdiction of the ICC is complementary to jurisdictions of domestic courts.
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