The Aqsa Mosque, also known as the Qibli Mosque, is the main congregational mosque or prayer hall in the Al-Aqsa mosque compound in the Old City of Jerusalem. In some sources the building is also named al-Masjid al-Aqṣā, but this name primarily applies to the wider compound in which the building sits, which is itself also known as 'al-Aqsa Mosque', 'al-Aqsa' or 'Haram al-Sharif'.
According to Islamic tradition, a small prayer hall (musalla), what would later become the al-Aqsa Mosque, was built by Umar (r. 634–644), the second caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. In the reign of Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680), a quadrangular mosque with capacity for 3,000 worshipers is recorded on the compound. The current mosque, located on the south wall of the compound, was originally built by the fifth Umayyad caliph Abd al-Malik (r. 685–705) or his successor al-Walid I (r. 705–715) (or both) as a congregational mosque on the same axis as the Dome of the Rock, a commemorative Islamic monument. After being destroyed in an earthquake in 746, the mosque was rebuilt in 758 by the Abbasid caliph al-Mansur.
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