Peter Abelard (1079–1142)
Born 1079 CE, died 1142 CE.
Peter Abelard (12 February 1079 – 21 April 1142) was a French philosopher, logician, theologian, composer, and poet. In philosophy, he is celebrated for his logical solution to the problem of universals via nominalism and conceptualism and his pioneering of intent in ethics. Often referred to as the "Descartes of the twelfth century", he is considered a forerunner of Rousseau, Kant, and Spinoza. He is sometimes credited as a chief forerunner of modern empiricism. In Catholic theology, he is best known for his development of the concept of limbo, and his introduction of the moral influence theory of atonement. He is considered (alongside Augustine) to be the most significant forerunner of the modern self-reflective autobiographer. He paved the way and set the tone for later epistolary novels and celebrity tell-alls with his publicly distributed letter, The History of My Calamities, and public correspondence. In history and popular culture he is best known for his love affair and philosophical exchange with his student and eventual wife, Héloïse d'Argenteuil.
Text from the Wikipedia article Peter_Abelard, licensed CC BY-SA 4.0.