Franz Weidenreich (7 June 1873 – 11 July 1948) was a German-American anatomist and physical anthropologist. He held chairs of anatomy at Strasbourg and Heidelberg and founded the Institute for Physical Anthropology at the University of Frankfurt, before emigrating in the 1930s and working successively in Peking and New York.
He is best known for his work on human evolution, in particular the Ehringsdorf Neanderthal and the Peking Man, and for ideas that laid the groundwork for the multiregional hypothesis in palaeoanthropology.
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