Husayn ibn Ali (626–680)
Born 626 CE, died 680 CE.
Husayn ibn Ali (Arabic: حسين ابن علي, romanized: Ḥusayn ibn ʿAlī; 11 January 626 – 10 October 680 CE) was the second son of Ali and Fatima, a younger brother of Hasan and a grandson of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. He is the third Imam in Shia Islam, succeeding his brother Hasan and preceding his son Ali al-Sajjad. Husayn is a prominent member of the Ahl al-Bayt and Ahl al-Kisa, and a participant in the Event of the mubahala. Muhammad described Husayn and Hasan as the leaders of the youth of paradise. During the caliphate of Ali, Husayn accompanied his father in the military campaigns of the First Fitna. After the assassination of Ali, he obeyed his brother in recognizing the Hasan–Mu'awiya peace treaty, despite being suggested to do otherwise. Under the treaty, Hasan ceded the caliphate to Mu'awiya on the condition that the latter should rule in compliance with the Quran and the Sunnah, a council should appoint his successor (rather than appointing one himself), and Hasan's supporters would receive amnesty.
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